What complication can arise from untreated strep throat leading to rheumatic fever?

Rheumatic fever is a serious inflammatory condition that can occur following an untreated infection with Streptococcus pyogenes, the bacteria responsible for strep throat. One of the significant potential complications of rheumatic fever is endocarditis, which is an infection of the heart valves and inner lining of the heart.

This complication arises because the body's immune response to the streptococcal infection can mistakenly target the heart tissue, leading to inflammation. Over time, this inflammation can result in damage to the heart valves, which can predispose the individual to endocarditis. Symptoms may include fever, fatigue, and shortness of breath, among others, and can lead to severe cardiovascular issues if not managed correctly.

Understanding the progression from strep throat to rheumatic fever and its potential complications highlights the importance of early diagnosis and treatment of streptococcal infections to prevent serious health issues like endocarditis. The other options listed do not directly relate to the sequelae of rheumatic fever in the same way.