Which blood test result typically indicates iron deficiency anemia?

The indication of iron deficiency anemia can manifest through several specific laboratory findings, and all of the mentioned blood test results contribute to that diagnosis.

Low hemoglobin levels suggest that there is not enough hemoglobin, which is essential for oxygen transport in the blood. This can be a direct consequence of insufficient iron available to produce hemoglobin, which is often seen in cases of iron deficiency anemia.

Low ferritin levels are crucial as ferritin is a protein that stores iron in the body. When iron stores are low, ferritin levels will decrease, reflecting depleted iron reserves, which is a hallmark of iron deficiency anemia.

High total iron-binding capacity (TIBC) is another significant indicator. When the body's iron stores are low, as seen in iron deficiency anemia, the liver produces more transferrin, a protein that carries iron, leading to increased TIBC. This response occurs in an attempt to maximize iron transport and absorption in the body.

Taken together, these test results—low hemoglobin, low ferritin, and high TIBC—create a clear laboratory profile indicative of iron deficiency anemia, thus affirming that the correct answer is inclusive of all these factors.