Which condition can result from hyperuricemia due to indinavir use?

Indinavir is a protease inhibitor used in the treatment of HIV that can lead to hyperuricemia, which is an elevated level of uric acid in the blood. One of the notable complications of hyperuricemia is nephrolithiasis, or the formation of uric acid stones in the kidneys.

The process begins with the accumulation of uric acid, which can precipitate in the renal tubules, leading to crystal formation. This crystallization occurs because the solubility of uric acid decreases at higher concentrations, increasing the risk of kidney stone formation. When the stones develop, they can cause significant discomfort and renal issues, potentially blocking the urinary tract, which can lead to further complications such as infections or kidney damage.

While hyperuricemia can also be associated with acute gout or chronic kidney disease, the direct link between indinavir use and the formation of kidney stones makes nephrolithiasis the most relevant consequence in this context. It is essential for healthcare providers to monitor patients on indinavir for signs of hyperuricemia and to manage any resulting complications effectively.