Which virus is known to cause hemorrhagic cystitis?

Hemorrhagic cystitis is primarily associated with infection by the adenovirus, particularly in children and immunocompromised individuals. Adenoviruses have a tropism for the uroepithelium, which can lead to inflammation and bleeding in the bladder, hence resulting in hemorrhagic cystitis. This pathology is especially noted in patients after bone marrow transplantation or those with weakened immune systems, where the virus can cause significant morbidity.

Other viruses listed, such as the influenza virus, herpes simplex virus, and rhinovirus, typically do not have a direct association with hemorrhagic cystitis. While they may cause respiratory symptoms or other complications, they are not recognized for causing this specific urological condition. Adenovirus' unique characteristics and its prevalence in causing hemorrhagic cystitis differentiate it from these other viral pathogens.